What is the primary difference between calcination and roasting?

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Calcination involves heating a material in the presence of oxygen, while roasting does not.

Roasting involves heating a material in the presence of oxygen, while calcination does not.

Calcination involves heating a material to a higher temperature than roasting.

Roasting involves heating a material to a higher temperature than calcination.

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Roasting is the process of converting sulphide ores into their oxides by heating strongly and in the presence of excess air.
$ZnS + 3 O_{2} \overset{heat}{\to} 2 ZnO + 2 {SO}_{2}$
Calcination is the conversion of carbonate ores into their oxides by heating strongly in limited air in the presence of suitable reducing agents such as carbon.
${ZnCO}_{3} \overset{heat}{\to} ZnO + {CO}_{2}$

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