What is the term for biological transducers that convert energy from both external and internal environments into electrical impulses?

The correct answer is Receptors. 

Receptors are specialized cells or structures that can detect various forms of energy such as light, sound, touch, taste, and smell. They convert these forms of energy into electrical impulses that can be transmitted to the nervous system for processing and interpretation. The virus is not related to the question, and pigments are molecules that absorb light, and sense organs refer to specialized organs that contain receptors.