What is the term for the process of converting organic waste into a soil-like material? 

Composting is the process of breaking down organic waste materials, such as food and yard waste, through the action of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms, into a nutrient-rich soil-like material that can be used for gardening, farming, and landscaping.

During composting, the organic waste is piled together and allowed to decompose naturally, with periodic turning and mixing to provide oxygen and ensure that the material decomposes evenly. The resulting compost is a rich soil amendment that can improve soil health, retain moisture, and reduce the need for chemical fertilizers.

Composting is a sustainable waste management practice that diverts organic waste from landfills and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. It is also an effective way to reduce the amount of waste sent to landfills and conserve natural resources by providing a source of organic matter that can be used to enrich the soil.