What is the valency of an atom?

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Number of electrons

Number of protons

Number of neutrons

Number of electrons and neutrons

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Concept: The valency of an atom is equal to its number of electrons present in the outer shell of an atom.
If the number of electrons in the outer shell of an atom is 4 or less than 4, then the valency will be the same as the number of electrons. If the number of electrons present in the outer shell is greater than 4 then we will subtract the number of electrons from 8 to get the valency of an atom.
We are aware that an atom has a neutral charge when the number of protons equals the number of electrons. The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus equals the mass number of the corresponding element, whereas the number of protons within an atom's nucleus equals the atomic number of that element.
Thus, the number of protons in an atom equals its atomic number, but the number of nucleons in an atom equals its mass number (the sum of protons and neutrons).
Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

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