What is water made up of?

Water is made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, giving it the chemical formula H₂O. Each water molecule contains these three atoms bonded together, with the hydrogen and oxygen atoms connected by covalent bonds. This unique structure makes water a polar molecule, which is why it has special properties like high surface tension and the ability to dissolve many substances. Water exists naturally in three states: solid (ice), liquid, and gas (water vapor).