What was the cause of peasant and zamindari rebellions throughout the Mughal era in several regions of northern and western India:

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Rising tax burden

Attempts of strong chieftains to strengthen their positions

Both the above

None of the above

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Rising tax burden and attempts of strong chieftains to strengthen their positions were the cause of peasant and zamindari rebellions throughout the Mughal era.
The Mughal issues were worsened by peasant and zamindari uprisings in several northern and western Indian regions. The pressure of increasing taxes contributed to some of these uprisings. At other times, they represented the efforts of strong chieftains to strengthen their positions. Rebellious factions have previously posed a threat to Mughal power. However, these organisations could use local economic opportunities to strengthen their standing. The steady transfer of political and economic power into the hands of provincial governors, local chieftains, and other organisations continued unabated under the Mughal emperors who succeeded Aurangzeb.

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