What was the ill-effect of the expansion of trade in the late 19th century?

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European conquests

Colonisation

Loss of livelihoods for colonisers

1 and 2

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Europeans' conquest and colonisation were the ill-effects of the expansion of trade in the late 19th century. They went on conquering country after country, colonising and exploiting them and creating a destructive impact on the victim country's ecology, society and economy. One such impact was when Britishers came to India for trade later, they started colonisation. Gradually they annexed the whole country and ruled over it for about 190 years. They exploited Indians and drained the wealth. Rinderpest wiped off 90% of the cattle population in Africa and smallpox obliterated the existence of native communities.

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