When an electromagnetic wave enters an ionised layer of earth’s atmosphere present in ionosphere

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The electron cloud will oscillate in the electric field of wave with a phase retardation of 90° for a sinusoidal electromagnetic wave.

The electron cloud will oscillate in the electric field of wave in the opposite phase of sinusoidal electromagnetic wave

The electron cloud will not oscillate in the electric field of the wave

The electron cloud will oscillate in the electric field of wave in the phase of sinusoidal electromagnetic wave

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

When an electromagnetic wave enters the ionised layer of ionosphere, the motion of electron cloud produces a space current and the electric field has its own capacitative displacement current then. The space current is in phase with displacement current.

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