When did the Indian Constitution come into force?

The Indian Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950, marking the birth of the Republic of India. This date was chosen to honor the declaration of Purna Swaraj (Complete Independence) made in 1930. With this, India officially became a sovereign, democratic republic governed by its people. The Constitution replaced the Government of India Act, 1935, as the governing document. It established the structure of government, fundamental rights, duties, and guiding principles known as the Directive Principles of State Policy, ensuring justice, equality, and freedom for all citizens.