When the ebonite rod is rubbed with a woollen cloth, then the ebonite rod becomes

When an ebonite rod is rubbed with a woolen cloth, the ebonite rod becomes negatively charged. This phenomenon is known as static electricity. When two dissimilar materials are rubbed together, such as ebonite and wool, electrons can transfer from one material to the other. In this case, the wool has a greater ability to lose electrons easily to ebonite, so electrons are transferred from the woolen cloth to the ebonite rod. As a result, the ebonite rod gains an excess of electrons and becomes negatively charged, while the woolen cloth loses electrons and becomes positively charged. Hence, when the ebonite rod is rubbed with a woolen cloth, then the ebonite rod becomes negatively charged.