Where are chromosomes found in a cell? What are its functions

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Detailed Solution

Chromosomes are thread-like structures in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, made of DNA and proteins. They carry genes that encode instructions for growth, development, function, and reproduction. During cell division, chromosomes condense, are copied, and are evenly distributed to daughter cells, ensuring accurate inheritance.

Location

Inside the nucleus of eukaryotic cells; become visibly condensed during division.

Functions

Store heredity: Genes on DNA specify traits and cellular instructions.
Transmit faithfully: Duplicate and segregate so each daughter cell gets the correct set.
Enable inheritance: Pass from parents to offspring, explaining trait transmission.
Direct activity: Chromosomal DNA regulates cellular processes.

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