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Q.

Which among the following gives the expression for work done by ideal gas?

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a

-PΔV

b

-nRTlnV2/V1

c

Both 1 and 2

d

Neither 1 nor 2

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Assume n moles of an ideal gas in a cylinder with a moveable, airtight, frictionless piston. Consider that the gas has a pressure P equal to the atmospheric pressure P outside. Let's say that the external pressure is decreased by an infinitesimally small amount, dP, and concurrently the volume is slightly increased, dV.

In light of this, the minor tasks involved in the expansion process will be:

dW=-Pext.dV;  dW=-(P-dP)dV

dW=-P.dV+dP.dV

Due to the small values of dP and dV, the product dP.dV will be negligible in contrast to P.dV and can be disregarded.

  dW=-P.dV

The formula for work done in isothermal expansion is -nRTlnV2/V1 which can also be written as -2.303nRTlogV2/V1                

Hence the correct option is (C).

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