Which cell organelle contains enzymes for ATP production?

The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all living organisms. It is responsible for essential processes such as protein production, transport, and tagging. A cell contains several organelles, including the nucleus, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, and mitochondria, each with specialized functions.

Role of Mitochondria

• Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell because they produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the primary energy currency of the cell.
• They contain double-stranded DNA, which enables them to reproduce independently and synthesize some of their own proteins.
• Located in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are enclosed by a double membrane consisting of hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, making it semi-permeable.

Structure and Function

• The inner mitochondrial membrane plays a key role in respiration and ATP synthesis.
• It allows the passage of small molecules like water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
• The inner membrane forms folded structures called cristae, which increase the surface area required for ATP production.
• Embedded in the membrane are electron transport chains, enzymes, and proteins essential for ATP generation.
• The mitochondrial DNA provides the instructions for ATP synthesis through redox reactions.