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Q.

Which compound posses highest dipole moment ?

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a

naphthalene

b

phenanthrene

c

anthracene

d

azulene

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Polycyclic systems : Huckel's (4n + 2) rule applies to monocyclic systems. The rule, however, is not necessarily successful for polycyclic conjugated systems;

 

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the (4n + 2) rule should be applied to the peripherat (conjugated) π-electrons. The five-membered ring has five and the seven-membered ring has seven n-electrons (two π-electrons are common to both rings). If one π-electron is transferred from the seven - to the five - ring, each ring will now hive a closed shell of six π-electrons (cf. naphthalene). In this condition, the m6lecule will have a dipolar structure, and this has been shown to be the case from dipole - moment measurements. Azulene also behaves chemically as an aromatic compound.

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