Which instrument converts mechanical energy into electrical energy?

The mechanical forms of energies that we frequently encounter in energy conversions are rotational energy, kinetic energy, and potential energy. Examples of devices that transform mechanical energy into electrical energy are wind turbines, peloton wheels, and rotary turbines. The idea behind Faraday's principles of electromagnetic is used to transform mechanical energy into electrical energy. In order to counteract the flux that is produced in a coil when it is moved in a uniform magnetic field, a current is induced in the coil in the opposite direction.
And an electric generator is a gadget that operates on this concept. Thus, "C" is the appropriate choice.
Additional details: The hydroelectric power plants' alternators. The water turbine is connected to them. The water pressure is used by a water turbine to propel the device. By causing the turbine's blades to fall from a specific height, the potential energy of the water is transformed into rotational energy, which causes the turbine to revolve. Due to the connection between the turbine and alternator shafts, the alternator also rotates in tandem with the turbine. Electrical power is produced within the alternator using electromagnetic principles, and it is then delivered from the power plant to the substation via transmission lines.

The conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy follows Faraday's laws of electromagnetism. In other words, when a coil is moved by a uniform magnetic field, a current is induced in the coil in the opposite direction, and the magnetic flux  induced in the coil is canceled. 
And devices that operate on this principle are known as generators. 
Therefore, the correct option is "C".