Which is the ventral surface of the leaf?

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Palisade layer

Upper layer (epidermis)

Lower layer

Spongy layer

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Concept- The upper aspect of the leaf that faces the sun and has the most stomata and chlorophyll is called the ventral surface. The adaxial surface is another name for the ventral surface.
Due to chlorophyll's presence, the side facing the sun appears vivid green in colour.
The epidermis is the leaf's outermost and uppermost layer; it is present on both sides of the leaf, upper and lower, respectively. Botanists means the upper side as the adaxial surface (or axis), while the lower side is named as the abaxial surface (or Abaxis).
Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

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