Which metal is obtained by the self reduction process?

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answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Concept- Due to the ease with which many metals may be easily acquired from their respective oxides by reduction, the following two chemical procedures are used to extract the metals.
1. The transformation of the ore into the associated metal oxide
2. The conversion of the appropriate free metal from the metal oxide.
Ores typically contain many metals such as oxides, sulphides, and carbonates. The two processes of roasting and calcination are typically employed to transform ores into their corresponding oxides, depending on the type of minerals contained in the ore.
In contrast to roasting, which requires heating the ore in the presence of air, calcination involves heating the ore without or with little air. After that, a suitable reducing agent is used to convert the roasted or calcined ore to metal. This is referred to as pyrometallurgy. The technique is known as auto reduction or self-reduction when proper reducing chemicals are not required.
In self-eduction, less electropositive metals' sulphide ores are heated in air to partially transform them into oxide or sulphate, which interacts with the remaining portion of the ore in the absence of air to produce the metal and sulphur dioxide. Self-reduction is the term used because no external reducing chemicals are applied.

Because copper, lead, and mercury, all of them are less electropositive metals, they can all be recovered from their corresponding sulphide ores by the process of self-reduction.
Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

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