Which of the following determines the sex in humans?

The sex of a human is determined by the combination of sex chromosomes received from the sperm and egg during fertilization. The egg always carries an X chromosome, while the sperm can carry either an X or a Y chromosome. If a sperm carrying an X chromosome fertilizes the egg, the resulting zygote will have two X chromosomes and develop into a female. If a sperm carrying a Y chromosome fertilizes the egg, the resulting zygote will have an X and a Y chromosome and develop into a male. 

Therefore, Sex chromosomes carried by the sperm and egg during fertilization is the correct answer. 

"22 pairs of chromosomes which are exactly alike in male and female" is incorrect because while humans have 22 pairs of autosomes that are the same in males and females, the 23rd pair of chromosomes determines sex. 

"There is no role for sex chromosomes in determining the sex of a human" is incorrect because sex chromosomes play a crucial role in determining the sex of a human. 

"The egg with a single set of chromosomes and the genetic makeup of a sperm" is incorrect because the genetic makeup of the sperm and egg, including the sex chromosomes, determines the sex of the resulting zygote.