Which of the following diseases is also known as atherosclerosis?

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), often referred to as atherosclerosis, is a condition characterised by the buildup of plaque within the coronary arteries, which supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. This plaque is primarily composed of cholesterol, fat, and other substances. Over time, plaque buildup narrows the arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart. This can lead to chest pain (angina), heart attack, or other serious complications. Risk factors for CAD include high cholesterol, high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, and obesity. CAD is a leading cause of death worldwide, emphasizing the importance of preventive measures and early detection.