Which of the following enhances or induces fusion of protoplasts?

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IAA and kinetin

IAA and gibberellins

Sodium chloride and potassium chloride

Polyethylene glycol and sodium nitrate

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Polyethylene glycol and sodium nitrate are fusogenic chemicals in which sodium promotes the reorganisation of lipoproteins when the cell membranes of two different protoplasts come in contact with each other.

(1) IAA and kinetin are used in tissue culture for the formation of callus and organogenesis.

(2) IAA and gibberellins are used for the development of fruits from ovaries in ovary culture.

(3) Potassium chloride is used in tissue culture as a component of nutrient medium. It provides the essential
elements K and Cl to the explants, callus, embryoids and plantlets.

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