Which of the following is a shortcoming of ecological pyramid?

(a) Does not assume a simple food chain

(b) Saprophytes are not given any place

(c) Species belonging to more than one trophic levels are considered

Limitations of ecological pyramids are:

• It does not take into account the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels. 
• It assumes a simple food chain, something that almost never exists in nature.
• It does not accommodate a food web. 
• Saprophytes are not given any place in ecological pyramids even though they play a vital role in the ecosystem.