Which of the following is/ are correct for group 14 elements?

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The tendency for catenation decreases down the group

The ability to form $p π - p π$ multiple bonds among themselves increases down the· group

They all form oxides with the formula ${MO}_{2}$

The stability of dihalides are in the order ${CX}_{2} < {SiX}_{2} < {GeX}_{2} < {SnX}_{2} < {Pb}_{2}$

answer is A, C, D.

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Detailed Solution

Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb dihalides' stability steadily improves in the presence ofsequence as,

${SiX}_{2} ≪ {GeX}_{2} ≪ {SnX}_{2} ≪ {PbX}_{2}$

The stability of dihalides rises as we move down the group because, the inert pair effect makes the lower oxidation state more stable.

p𝜋-p𝜋 bonds do not form in heavier elements. Their atomic orbitals are too big and diffuse to intersect in a meaningful way.

The tendency for catenation decreases down the group. Because the covalent bond strength lowers as one moves down the group and the atomic size rises

Group 14 element form oxides due to inert pair effect.

correct option are a, b, c.

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