Which of the following is the correct example of homologous organs?

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Human kidney and earthworm’s nephridia

Bat’s wings and horse’s front legs

Human trachea and insect tracheae

Tendril of cucumber and tendril of smilax

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

Concept: While comparable organs have similar functions, homologous structures have diverse functions with a similar structural background. The homologous organs were created as a result of divergent evolution, which means that although they have a common ancestor and a similar structure, they serve different purposes.
Nephridia of an earthworm and a human kidney are structurally distinct. Horse front legs and bat wings have a structural ancestor but serve different purposes. The front foot of a horse and a bat have similar organs. Their origins are similar, yet their purposes can be the same or different. Horse front legs used to walk, while bat wings used to fly.
Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

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