Which of the following is the first step in crop production?

Soil preparation is an important first step in crop production. It includes breaking up clumps of soil, removing weeds and other debris, and creating a smooth, level seedbed in preparation for planting. 

Ploughs, cultivators, and harrows are commonly used in soil preparation.

The purpose of soil preparation is to create an environment conducive to seed germination and plant growth.

Soil preparation also improves soil structure and fertility by incorporating organic matter into the soil, such as compost or animal manure. This promotes the growth of humus, a key component of healthy soil that provides numerous benefits to plants and soil fertility.