Which of the following is the reason that the surface of the mortar and pestle used for grinding is etched?

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To increase the friction

To make it more effective

To decrease the friction

Both 1 and 2

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

To increase the friction and make it more effective, the surface of the mortar and pestle used for grinding is etched.
The mortar and pestle lose roughness after extensive usage, which causes a frictional force to decrease and the device to fail. After extensive use, the mortar and pestle's surface is re-etched to increase friction and improve its suitability for grinding. It only functions correctly if the friction is reduced.
Friction can be increased by following methods:
●       Making the surfaces rough.
●       By pressing the surfaces harder against each other (by increasing normal force).
●       By removing the lubrication between the surfaces in contact.

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