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Q.

Which of the following methods does not remove hardness of water ?

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a

 Clark’s method

b

By adding washing soda

c

Calgon process

d

Filtration method

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

The hardness of water is due to the presence of soluble bicarbonates, chlorides and sulphates of calcium and magnesium,
The temporary hardness of water is due to magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate in water. The temporary hardness can be removed by boiling water.
The permanent hardness of the water is due to the presence of soluble salts of magnesium and calcium which are present in the form of chloride and sulphides in water. So permanent hardness cannot be removed by boiling or filtering.
 

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