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Q.

Which of the following molecule does not obey the octet rule and also has lone pair electrons on the central atom?

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a

SCl4

b

CCl4

c

PCl3

d

NH3

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Atomic number of sulphur (S), Z = 16 and its electron configuration is 

Ne3s23p2 3 x py3  1pz1

In first excited state, one of the 3p electrons promoted into 3d orbital.

Now, sulphur has four unpaired electrons of its valence shell. Then the four Cl atoms with unpaired electrons are combined with sulphur atom forms SCl4 .The structure of SCl4  is shown as below.

Question Image

The central atom “sulphur S” has one lone pair electrons. Therefore, SCl4 does not obey the octet rule, because sulphur has total 10 electrons (8 bonding and 2 non bonding electrons).

Note: The remaining three molecules are following “octet rule”.

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