Q.

Which of the following molecule has zero dipolemoment

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a

BeCl2

b

HCI

c

NH3

d

H2O

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

(A) BeCl2 is a linear molecule . It has a bond angle of 180o. As there are two polar bonds are equal and opposite in orientation, the net dipole will be zero.

(B) HCl have a dipole moment because the hydrogen atom has a some positive charge and the chlorine atom has some negative charge. There is a small dipole-dipole force of attraction between adjacent HCl molecules because of the force of attraction between oppositely charged particles.

(C)  NH3 is an asymmetrical molecule, so the dipole moments are not canceled hence there is a net dipole moment in the molecule. Hence, Ammonia is a polar molecule.

(D) H2O have bent structure in which the two O-H bonds are present at an angle of 104.50, so water is a polar molecule and have a net dipole moment.

Hence, the correct option is (A).

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