Which of the following orders is true regarding the basic nature of ${NH}_{2}$ group?

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$o - Toluidine > Aniline < o - Nitroaniline$

$ο - Toluidine > Aniline > ο - Nitroaniline$

$o - Toluidine < Aniline > o - Nitroaniline$

$o - Toluidine < Aniline < o - Nitroaniline$

answer is B.

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Detailed Solution

The correct order of basic strength of aromatic amines is o−Toluidine<Aniline>o−Nitroaniline.

Aniline is more basic than ortho nitro aniline because the presence of electron withdrawing nitro group decreases the ease with which N can donate a lonepair of electrons.

o-Toluidine is less basic than aniline because whenever a substituent is present in the ortho position, it decreases its basicity.

Electron-releasing group increases the availability of lone pair of electrons on nitrogen while electron attracting group decreases this availability.

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