Q.

Which of the following pairs is incorrect?

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a

Nitrogen fixation - Rhizobium 

b

The setting of curd - Lactobacillus

c

Antibiotic production - Staphylococci

d

Bread rising -Yeast

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

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Microorganisms are involved in various processes and the production of different products. Lactobacillus is involved in the setting of curd, yeast is involved in bread rising, Rhizobium is involved in nitrogen fixation, and Penicillium is involved in antibiotic production.

Lactobacillus: This is a type of bacteria that is involved in the production of curd. The bacteria convert lactose (milk sugar) into lactic acid, which causes the milk to coagulate and form curd. The process of curd formation is called curdling or coagulation.

Yeast: This is a type of fungus that is involved in bread making. Yeast converts sugar present in the bread dough into carbon dioxide gas and alcohol through a process called fermentation. The carbon dioxide gas gets trapped in the dough, causing it to rise and expand. The alcohol produced during fermentation evaporates during baking, leaving behind a light and fluffy bread.

Rhizobium: This is a type of bacteria that are involved in nitrogen fixation. Nitrogen fixation is a process in which atmospheric nitrogen is converted into a form that can be used by plants. Rhizobium forms a symbiotic association with leguminous plants such as peas, beans, and clover. The bacteria live inside the root nodules of these plants and convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which is used by the plant for its growth.

Penicillium: This is a type of fungus that is involved in the production of antibiotics. Penicillium produces a compound called penicillin, which is a type of antibiotic. Penicillin is used to treat bacterial infections such as pneumonia, strep throat, and urinary tract infections.

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