Q.

Which of the following solution has the highest freezing point?

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a

0.1 mol K2SO4 in 1 kg water 

b

30 g of glucose in 1 kg water

c

0.1 mol KCl in 1 kg water

d

0.1 mol Urea in 1 kg water

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Freezing point will be given by formula ΔTf=iKfm

(a) 0.1 mol KCl in 1 kg water KClK++Cl  Thus, i=2

(b) 0.1 mol K2SO4 in 1 kg water Na2SO42Na++SO42 Thus, i=3

(c) 0.1 mol urea in 1 kg water urea is a non-electrolyte Thus, i=1

ΔTf=i×Kf×m=I×Kf×0.1=0.1  Kf

(d) 30g glucose in 1 kg water ΔTf=i×Kf×m

Glucose is non-electrolyte i=1

ΔTf=i×Kf×30/1801=0.166  Kf

The highest freezing point will be of the solution having the lowest ΔTf value.  Thus, the highest freezing pointy of option (c) because it, give lowest ΔTf value.

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