Which of the following species has electron releasing (+ Inductive) effect?

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$C_{6} H_{5} -$

$- N O_{2}$

$- C O O H$

${(C H_{3})}_{2} C H -$

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

−NH₂ shows resonance effect due to the presence of a lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom.
The carboxylic group −COOH shows resonance effect.
The isopropyl group (CH₃)₂CH− (and alkyl groups in general) show electron releasing (+I inductive effect).
They do not show resonance/ mesomeric effect.
The phenyl group C₆H₅− shows resonance effect due to the presence of pi electrons.

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