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Q.

Which of the following stalement is incorrect for electrophilic substitution?
 

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a

Ortho-and para-directing groups increase electron density at ortho-and para-position

b

Meta-directing groups increase electron density at. meta-position

c

Meta-directing groups decrease electron density at meta-position

d

Ortho-and para-directing groups decrease electron density at meta-position

answer is B, C, D.

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Detailed Solution

Electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions allow substituents already bound to the benzene ring to influence other atoms or groups attempting to link to the ring. The orthopara locations or the meta positions may be chosen as the destination for an incoming electrophile by an atom or group already bonded to a benzene ring. Activating groups are atoms or groups that make the benzene molecule more reactive by raising the electron density of the ring. When an activating group is joined to a benzene ring, it functions as an orthopara director, directing an entering electrophile to the ortho or para locations. A deactivating group is an atom or group that lessens the reactivity of the benzene molecule by decreasing electron density from the ring. Activating groups guide entering electrophiles to

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