Which of the following statements illustrates the law of multiple proportions?

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An element forms two oxides, XO and XO₂ containing 50 % and 60 % oxygen respectively. The ratio of masses of oxygen, which combines with 1 g of element is 2 : 3.

One volume of nitrogen always combines with three volumes of oxygen to form two volumes of ammonia.

3.47 g of BaCl₂ reacts with 2.36 g of Na₂SO₄to give 3.88 g of BaSO₄ and 1.95 g of NaCl.

20 mL of ammonia gives 10 volumes of N₂ and 30 volumes of H2 at constant temperature and pressure.

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

In XO, 50 g of element combines with 50 g of oxygen.
$∴$ 1 g of element combines with 1 g of oxygen.
In XO₂, 40 g of element combines with 60 g of oxygen.
$∴$ 1 g of element combines with 1.5 g of oxygen.
Thus, ratio of masses of oxygen which combines with 1 g of element is 1 : 1.5 or 2 : 3. This is in accordance with the law of multiple proportions.

In second option, Gay Lussac's law of gaseous volume is followed.

In third option, law of conservation of mass is followed while in fourth option, Avogadro's law is followed.

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