Which of the following statements is not correct?

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The addition across C=O group is an electrophilic addition reaction

Aryl halides are less reactive than alkyl halides towards nucleophilic reagents

In acylium ion, the structure $R - C \equiv \overset{+}{O}$ is more stable than Question Image

$S_{N} 2$ reactions follow second-order kinetics.

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

(a) The addition across C=O group is a nucleophilic addition reaction. (b) This is due to the following two factors. (i) Delocalization of electrons

The delocalization imparts a partial double bond character to C-X bond making it stronger than C-X bond in alkyl halide. (ii) Difference in hybridization of carbon In alkyl halides, the carbon to which the halogen is attached is sp ' hybridized while in aryl halide it is sp 2 hybridized. Therefore, the C-X bond in latter is shorter than in former. ( c) The acylium ion $R - C \equiv \overset{+}{O}$ : is more stable than Question Image , the ordinary carbonium ion. In the former the octet of every atom is complete while in the latter it is not so, as in the case of C atom which has only 6 electrons.

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