Which of the following statement/statements is correct according to Newtonian mechanics?
(I) Mass is a quantitative measure of a body's inertia.
(II) Mass is a measure of the attraction of one body to another.
(III) Inertial and gravitational masses are equivalent.
(IV) Mass is invariant.

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Only (I), (II) and (IV)

Only (I), (II) and (III)

Only (I), (III) and (IV)

(I), (II), (III) and (IV)

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Knowing that Newton's Laws of Motion are invariant under a Galilean transformation—that is, that the inertial mass remains unaltered under Galilean transformations—will help you arrive at the correct conclusion. Gravitational mass and inertial mass are not only equal; they are the same. This will help you fix your issue.
One of the main quantitative expressions of mass is inertia. According to Newton, unless a force is given to an object, it will either remain at rest or continue to move.
Both gravitational mass and inertial mass are the same.
It is also true that the gravitational force is used by the masses to attract other masses in accordance with the law of gravitation.
Masses are invariant in Newtonian mechanics. According to Newton, it doesn't alter on its own.

Hence, the correct answer is option D.

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