Which of the following structures are developed along different directions due to adaptations to different needs ?

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Fore limb bone pattern in whales and Cheetah

Root modification in potato and stem modification in sweet potato

structural differences in the wing of butterfly and that of crow

functional similarity in fiippers of Dolphin and Penguin

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

Whales, bats, Cheetah and humans (all mammals) share similarities in the pattern of the bones of their forelimbs. Though these forelimbs perform different functions in these animals, they have similar anatomical structures – all of them have humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, metacarpals and phalanges in their forelimbs. Hence, in these animals, the same structure has developed in different directions due to adaptations to different needs. This is divergent evolution and these structures are homologous. Homology indicates common ancestry.

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