Which of the following structures is absent in a mature mammalian RBC?
a. Nucleus
b. Endoplasmic reticulum
c. Ribosomes.
d Mitochondria

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answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

A mature mammalian RBC does not contain a nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and mitochondria.

The membrane-bound cell organelles are absent from adult mammalian RBCs. The biconcave, round, nonnucleated cell is their RBC.
They have a short lifespan and are unable to produce new proteins or RNA. Mammalian mature red blood cells circulate in the body for around 100–120 days before being eliminated by the spleen.
At erythropoiesis phase three, it starts to lose mitochondria.
Since the endoplasmic reticulum lowers the surface-to-volume ratio, hence its absence can allow RBC to become more flexible to allow them to squeeze into the capillaries.
The RBC initially has a nucleus, but as it matures, it sheds it, improving the cell's ability to transport oxygen.

Hence, option D is the correct answer.

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