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Q.

Which of the following substances will not give silver mirror with Tollen’s reagent?

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a

Ethanal 

b

Acetone 

c

Methanoic acid

d

Propanal

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

  • Aldehydes and methanal (formaldehyde) gives silver mirror test with ammoniacal silver nitrate. 
  • Formic acid is unique amongst simple carboxylic acids since it contains a hydrogen atom instead of an alkyl group(H-COOH, all other carboxylic acid contains an alkyl group attached to C instead of hydrogen on the left side). 
  • Thus formic acid may be regarded both as an aldehyde as well as a carboxylic acid. like aldehydes it can be easily oxidized to carbonic acid (H2​CO3​) which decomposes to give CO2​ and H2​O.
  • Ketones ( here acetone ) do not give this test. 
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