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Which of the following will produce a buffer solution when mixed in equal volumes?

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$0 .1 mol {dm}^{- 3} {NH}_{4} OH and 0 .1 mol {dm}^{- 3} HCl$

$0 .05 mol {dm}^{- 3} {NH}_{4} OH and 0 .1 mol {dm}^{- 3} HCl$

$0 .1 mol {dm}^{- 3} {NH}_{4} OH and 0 .05 mol {dm}^{3} HCl$

$0 .1 mol {dm}^{- 3} {CH}_{3} COONa and 0 .1 mol {dm}^{- 3} NaOH$

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

When the concentration of NH₄OH (weak base) is higher than the strong acid (HCl), a mixture of weak base and its conjugate acid is obtained, which acts as basic buffer.

${NH}_{4} OH + HCl ⟶ {NH}_{4} Cl + H_{2} O$

Initially 0.1 M 0.05 M 0

After reaction 0.05 M 0 0.05 M

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