Which of the wrong statement?

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The energy of 2s – orbital is less than the energy of 2p – orbital in case of hydrogen like atoms

Half – filled and fully filled orbitals have greater symmetry and more balanced arrangement

de – Broglie’s wavelength is given by $λ = \frac{h}{mv}$ , where m is mass of the particle, v = group velocity of the particle

The uncertainty principle, $ΔE × Δt \geq h/4π$

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

a) According to de – Broglie’s equation. $wavelength (λ) = \frac{h}{mv}$

Where, h = Planck’s constant

(b) According to Heisenberg uncertainty principle, the uncertainties of position and $(Δ x)$ momentum $(p = mΔv)$ are related as $Δ x Δ p \geq \frac{h}{4 π} o r, Δ x m Δ v \geq \frac{h}{4 π}$

$Δ x m Δ a Δ t \geq \frac{h}{4 π}$

$[\frac{Δ v}{Δ t} = Δ a, a = a c c e l e r a t i o n]$

$o f Δ x, F Δ t \geq \frac{h}{4 π} [∵ F = m, Δ a]$

$o r, Δ E, Δ t \geq \frac{h}{4 π}$

$[∵ Δ E = F, Δ x, E = e n e r g y]$

Thus, statement (b) is correct.

(c) The half and fully filled orbitals have greater stability due to greater exchange energy, greater symmetry and more balanced arrangement, thus, statement (c) is correct.

(d) For a single electronic species like H, energy depends on value of n and does not depend on l. Hence, energy of 2s – orbital and 2p- orbitalis equal in case of hydrogen like spices. Therefore statement (d) is incorrect.

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