Which one is used for surfacing roads?
a) Diesel
b) Petroleum jelly
c) Bitumen
d) LPG

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Detailed Solution

The correct answer is (c) Bitumen

Bitumen is a thick, black, sticky residue obtained from petroleum after fractional distillation. It acts as an excellent binding material: when mixed with crushed stones and sand, it forms asphalt, which is spread and rolled to make strong, smooth, and water-resistant road surfaces.

Why bitumen is used for roads

Good binder: holds aggregates (stone chips/sand) firmly together.
Waterproof: resists rainwater, reducing potholes and erosion.
Plasticity & flexibility: softens on heating (easy to lay) and has slight give under traffic loads (less cracking).
Durability: withstands heavy traffic and temperature changes better than many alternatives.

Why not the others?

Diesel: a fuel for engines, not a road binder.
Petroleum jelly: a soft ointment for skin/lubrication—too soft for road making.
LPG: a cooking/industrial gas (liquefied petroleum gas), not a construction material.

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