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Q.

Which one of the following are two hotspots of biodiversity in India?

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a

Western Ghats and North Eastern Himalayas

b

Deccan and Western Ghats

c

Himalayan and Deccan Plateau

d

Western Ghats and Gangetic Plains

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with very high levels of species richness, and a high degree of endemism (species confined to that region and not found anywhere else). These hotspots are also the regions of accelerated habitat loss. Habitat loss is the most important cause, driving animals and plants to extinction. Hence, biodiversity hotspots are the regions that require maximum protection.
Initially, 25 biodiversity hotspots were identified, but 9 more have since been added, increasing the total number of biodiversity hotspots in the world, to 34.
Three of these hotspots — Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma, and the Himalayas – encompass our country's most biodiverse regions.

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