Which one of the following is correct regarding $σ$ bond ?

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Free rotation of atoms about the bond axis is permitted.

It is very weak bond

It has less overlapping regions.

It is formed by the partial overlap of atomic orbitals at right angle to inter-nuclear axis

answer is A.

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Detailed Solution

In the sigma bond formation the electron cloud is along the inter nuclear axis. Thus rotation about internuclear axis is free and symmetric. It is a strong bond formed due to axial overlap of atomic orbitals with maximum overlapping region.

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