Which one of the following is said to be the most important cause or reason for the extinction of animals and plants?

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Co-extinctions

Invasion of alien species

Over-exploitation of species

Loss of habitat and fragmentation

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

Habitat loss refers to the reduction in the amount of natural habitat available for species to live and thrive in. This can occur due to a variety of factors, including urbanisation, agriculture, mining, and dam construction. Habitat fragmentation, on the other hand, refers to the process of dividing large, continuous habitats into smaller, isolated fragments. The most important causes of animal and plant extinction are habitat loss and fragmentation. Natural habitats are unable to support their native species due to habitat destruction, fragmentation, or degradation.

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