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Q.

Which one of the following population interactions is widely used in medical science for the production of antibiotics?

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a

Mutualism

b

Amensalism

c

Parasitism

d

Commensalism

answer is D.

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Detailed Solution

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Amensalism is a type of interaction between two species in which one species is negatively affected while the other species is not affected. In the case of antibiotic production, certain bacteria and fungi have an amensalistic relationship, in which the fungi produce compounds that inhibit the growth of bacteria while the fungi are not
Affected.
For example, the Penicillium fungus secretes the antibiotic penicillin to protect itself from bacteria that might compete
With it for nutrients and space. The bacteria are harmed/killed while the fungus is not affected by the bacteria.
Penicillin is toxic to many bacteria, including some that cause diseases in humans, such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Therefore, when penicillin is administered to a patient, it kills the bacteria causing the infection without harming the patient’s cells.
(1) Commensalism is a type of interaction in which one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed.
This is not applicable to antibiotic production.
(2) Mutualism is a type of interaction in which both species benefit from the interaction. While some bacteria and
Fungi do have mutualistic relationships, this is not the case for antibiotic production.
(3) Parasitism is a type of interaction in which one species benefits while the other is harmed. This is not applicable
To antibiotic production.

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