Which one of the following theories did Louis Pasteur disprove through his swan-neck flask experiment?

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Theory of use and disuse

Theory of panspermia

Theory of spontaneous generation

Germplasm theory

answer is C.

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Detailed Solution

Louis Pasteur disproved the theory of spontaneous generation by conducting a series of experiments with sterilised flasks containing nutrient broth. He showed that microorganisms did not arise spontaneously from non-living matter, but rather from pre-existing microorganisms.
In one experiment, Pasteur boiled a nutrient broth in a flask with a long, curved neck that allowed air to enter but prevented dust and microorganisms from getting in. The broth remained sterile and did not produce any microorganisms. In another flask, Pasteur boiled the broth but left it exposed to the air, without the long, curved neck. Microorganisms soon appeared in the broth.

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