Which Ores Are Typically Processed by Calcination vs Roasting?

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Detailed Solution

Calcination and roasting are used for processing different types of ores based on their composition.

Ores Processed by Calcination

Carbonate Ores: Calcination is commonly used for ores containing carbonates, as the process releases carbon dioxide and produces an oxide. Example: Limestone (CaCO₃) is converted to calcium oxide (CaO).
Sulfate Ores: Some sulfate ores undergo calcination to remove sulfur. Example: Barium sulfate (BaSO₄) is calcined to produce barium oxide (BaO).

Ores Processed by Roasting

Sulfide Ores: Roasting is ideal for ores with sulfide minerals, where the sulfur is oxidized to form sulfur dioxide. Example: Copper pyrite (CuFeS₂) is roasted to produce copper oxide (CuO) and sulfur dioxide.
Chalcocite: This ore, rich in copper, undergoes roasting to form copper oxides.

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