Which organelle is responsible for breaking down and recycling cellular waste in eukaryotic cells?

Lysosomes are membrane-bound organelles found in eukaryotic cells and are formed from the Golgi apparatus and are filled with hydrolytic enzymes that can break down a wide range of molecules, including proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. These enzymes are able to break down these molecules into their component parts, which can then be reused by the cell.

Lysosomes are involved in a number of cellular processes, including the degradation of damaged organelles, the removal of unwanted or excess cellular material, and the breakdown of ingested particles. Under unfavourable conditions, these organelles can digest the cell, due to which they are also known as "suicidal bags" of the cell.