Which scientist proposed the three laws of motion?

Sir Isaac Newton proposed the three laws of motion in 1687 in his work Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica. These laws form the foundation of classical mechanics. The first law, the law of inertia, states that an object remains at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force. The second law quantifies force as the product of mass and acceleration (F = ma). The third law asserts that every action has an equal and opposite reaction. Together, these laws describe how forces interact with objects, shaping our understanding of motion, engineering, and physical phenomena on Earth and beyond.